At the second 'palace' at Phaistos, for instance, a range of rooms in the western side of the structure have been identified as a magazine block. The government started to raise the cotton purchase price above the international prices in an attempt to reverse this trend. Cities, households and agriculture during the Classical period, Cultivation of Grape and Olive and the Exploitation of their Secondary Products in the Eastern Mediterranean, Ritual use of plants in the East Mediterranean, Bioarchaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean, Making Egyptian blue, from the Bronze Age to the Late Roman period Ilia Kovalev, PhD ongoing, CyI, The Raw Materials of Ceramics from Late Bronze Age Cyprus, the Transition from Hand to Wheel, Chase Minos, PhD ongoing, CyI, Crucible steel production in south-central India, Two Late Roman slag heaps near Polis Chrysochous (Anna-Maria Sdralia, MA 2022, UCy), Medieval glazed pottery from Polis Chrysochous (MSc Christiana Kelepeshi 2021, University of Oxford). Also, it is theorized that a volcano on the island of Thera (also called Santorini), north of Crete, erupted and caused massive tidal waves and falling ash. The Cretan diet included wild animals roaming the island. This grid would hold water longer than it would have naturally stayed, allowing the earth to become fully saturated for later planting. Andriani Loui,The Cyprus Institute,th.rehren@cyi.ac.cy, 2023The Cyprus Institute Cookies Policy. Within these storage areas have been recovered numerous jars, jugs and vessels, indicating the role of the complex as a potential re-distribution centre of agricultural produce. Crete is a mountainous island in the Mediterranean with natural harbors. It lies 350km (220mi.) The result could be famine and negative population growth. The Egyptians grew a variety of crops for consumption, including grains, vegetables and fruits. Opuscula Atheniensis, 93-132. However, their diets revolved around several staple crops, especially cereals and barley. (eds), The Alatzomouri Rock Shelter. There is evidence that the trade networks collapsed, and that Minoan cities perished by famine. [16], Egyptians relied on agriculture for more than just the production of food. Not all plants and flora would have a purely functional or economic utility. Men also wore a kind of kilt. In the Middle Minoan period, naturalistic designs such as fish, squid, birds, and lilies were common. [13], Orchards and gardens were also developed in addition to field planting in the floodplains. Postel, Sandra. The patterns on clothes emphasized symmetrical geometric designs. "Egypt's Nile Valley Basin Irrigation". Foodstuffs, fruit tree cultivation and occupation patterns at Dhaskalio, in Colin Renfrew et al. A:The northern triangle of Central America includes three countries, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Hondu A:Capitalism and communism both were very important for the world. Another theory is that Minoan naval capabilities were damaged in some fashion by the explosion of Thera. Later, during the Greco-Roman period peaches and pears were also introduced. 1 2 . 8 . ". But with the start of the Neopalatial period (the 17th and 16th centuries BCE), population increased again, palaces were rebuilt on a larger scale, and new settlements sprung up all over the island. The tributaries come together in Khartoum and branches again when it reaches Egypt, forming the Nile delta. He A:The Protestant Reformation was established in the 16th century on October 13,1519 led the world to a Q:How were the experiences of Puerto Ricans and Mexican migrants different from white Americans post W A:A large number of Puerto Ricans and Mexicans migrated to America in post World war 2. Q:What are the principal value of Filipino Dram and Film in the Philippines? The Minoan cities were connected with stone roads, formed from blocks cut with bronze saws. [5] The Bashendi used sandstone grinders to grind local wild millet and sorghum. The river's predictability and fertile soil allowed the Egyptians to build an empire on the basis of great agricultural wealth. Osteological lesions typical of load carrying indicate that donkeys might have been domesticated in this area. They also imported date palm trees, and cats (used for hunting purposes) from Egypt and adopted pomegranates and quinces from the Near East, although not lemons and oranges as is often imagined. Tel: 212.759.7120 The discovery of storage rooms within the palace compounds has given rise to much debate. Henna was grown for the production of dye. Archeologists have found palaces in Phaistos and Malia as well. On the ground floor of the palace were storage areas. [13], To make the best use of the waters of the Nile river, the Egyptians developed systems of irrigation. The Study and Reconstruction of Food Production and Processing Practices in Early Bronze Age Koropi, Attica, in Papadimitriou N., Wright J.C., Fachard S, Polychronakou-SgouritsaN., Andrikou E. (eds) 2020. In them grain and olive oil were stored in large clay jars called pithoi. This development enabled the upper classes to continuously practice leadership activities and to expand their influence. "Religion in the Lives of the Ancient Egyptians." He playe Q:Write three to four sentences explainng how the structures Rosa Parks uses in her memoir help her sh A:Rosa Parks was an African American citizen who played a significant role in the Civil Rights Movemen Q:Viruses and The European Colonization of America. A:According to Judaism, there are three Jewish Festivals or the Pilgrim Festivals, Sukkot, Pesach, and A:The United States of America saw massive Puerto Rican and Mexican immigrants in 1950s. Minoan frescoes also show a game in which men and women grabbed a bulls horns then somersaulted onto its back. Minoan temples were generally L-shaped and housed priestesses, families, storerooms, and craftsmen. The information in the FAO Country Showcase digital platform (Country Showcase) is provided by institutional national sources as is and for the convenience of users for general information purposes only. It is believed t Q:Do you think the US has a responsibility to help the people of Guatemala , El Salvador and Honduras? They developed Mediterranean polyculture, the practice of growing more than one crop at a time, and as a result of their more varied and healthy diet, the population increased. The Minoans were also trading people. 7000 BC cal. PHILIPPA-TOUCHAIS, A., G. TOUCHAIS, G.O. /Length 8 0 R While it was formerly thought that the foundation of the first palaces was synchronous and dated to the MBIB, the date of the palace at Knossos, scholars now think that palaces were built over a wider period of time in different locations, in response to local developments. This was simultaneously coupled with a trend to import a Lower-material cotton to export the better-quality cotton, which resulted in the full liberalization of the cotton trade since 1998. 5.Minoans Construction/Architecture and Egyptian Construction/Architecture. O America's su A:During the period of the Second World War most Americans either lived in cities or in rural areas. To date, however, only one such archaeological find has been made. The preservation of this palace resulted in the Dynasty in Knossos spreading its influence over large parts of Crete until it was overrun by Mycenaean Greeks. Most of the Minoans lived in small villages and made their living from farming. A paper about the Agricultural Trade Routes in the Mycenaean Empire inclusive of Linear B translations. The main older Palaces are known from Knossos, Malia and Phaistos. Actes de la 14e Rencontre genne Internationale, Paris, Institut National dHistoire de lArt, 11-14 Dcembre 2012, Peeters, Leuven-Liege, Aegaeum 37, 531-538. It is believed these statues represent goddesses. It is comprised of 40 members. Men wore loincloths. Minoan This writing is called linear A. Lenvironnement naturel et la relation homme-milieu dans le monde gen protohistorique. The Minoans were also connected to Egypt and the Canaanite civilization. 4). They were creative in their use of plants, using them for medicine, as part of their religious practices, and in the production of clothing. The Minoan civilization existed on Crete. He wasn't cont Q:How did the focus on cash crops shape life ? The Bronze Age allowed upper Minoan classes to practice leadership activities and to expand their influence, eventually replacing the original hierarchies of the local elites with monarchist power structures. /Type /XObject Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Histories of British towns, villages and cities, Histories of countries and key towns and cities around the world, Brief histories of famous people across the world and ages, Articles of the key dark historical events across the world. In the Late Minoan period, flowers and animals were still the most characteristic, but the variability had increased. beaches. Pastor Tozer had a drive to understand God. The similarities between Late Minoan and Mycenaean art are notable. The Minoans raised cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and grew wheat, barley, vetch, chickpeas, figs, olives, and grapes. Farmers used wooden plows, bound by leather to wooden handles, and pulled by pairs of donkeys or oxen. The first palaces were constructed at the end of the end of the EM III (Malia). A:The essential principles of societies are a noted and talked lingo, a city-state with an administrat Q:What Jewish "New Archaeozoological Data from the Fayum "Neolithic" with a Critical Assessment of the Evidence for Early Stock Keeping in Egypt". Irrigation allowed the Egyptians to use the Nile's waters for a variety of purposes. Case studies include sites from Mycenaean and Minoan regions, with a combination of archaeobotany and isotope analyses to specific sites. The Minoans raised cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats, and grew wheat, barley, vetch, and chickpeas, they also cultivated grapes, figs, and olives, and grew poppies, for poppyseed and, perhaps, opium. The Nile is the longest river in the world, flowing northward from Lake Victoria and eventually emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Athens and Attica in Prehistory. They traded with Sicily, Cyprus, Egypt, and other parts of the Middle East. [17] The roots of the plant were eaten as food, but it was primarily used as an industrial crop. We are not sure why but they may have been conquered by people from mainland Greece. The Minoans were an ancient civilization on what is now Crete (in the Mediterranean), during the Bronze Age, prior to classical Greek culture. Around 1700 BC there is a large disturbance in Crete, probably by an earthquake, although an invasion from Turkey has also been suggested. Knossos is the best-known example. Not all plants and flora would have a purely functional or economic utility. The Minoan culture began to decline c. 1450 BCE, following an earthquake, the eruption of the Thera volcano, or another possible natural catastrophe. celebrated Minos was associated in Greek myth with the labyrinth, which is identified with the site at Knossos. They were creative in their use of plants, using them for medicine, as part of their religious practices, and After its fall the Minoan civilization was largely forgotten. The West-facades had sandstone ashlar masonry. Their knowledge of bronze workings made them formidable enemies to the Canaanites and Israelites settled in Israel. GNU Free Documentation License. A:Let us first have a brief discussion on the term racism before continuing with the answer. Median response time is 34 minutes for paid subscribers and may be longer for promotional offers. The beginning of the Bronze Age around 3100 BC is a period of great unrest in Crete, but it also marks the beginning of Crete as an important center of civilization. In the late Minoan period, flowers and animals were still the most characteristic, but the variability had increased. Artistic depictions often show scenes of lily gathering and performances within 'green' spaces. The palace at Knossos was built around a central courtyard. Flax was another important industrial crop that had several uses. Author content. Because this flooding happened fairly predictably, the Egyptians were able to develop their agricultural practices around it. A:The first known use of citizen was in c.1300 from Anglo-French word citesein, citezein that meant ci Q:Cabesang Tale's decline from successful farmer and upright town official to a vengeful outlaw.Why do A:Cabesang Tale is a main and important character from the novel El Filibusterismo. The palaces at Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, and Kato Zakros were destroyed. What defines an authentic moral Christian? Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1961. The Minoans, on the other hand, used Cypress to build their ships. This naval power was used to ferry trade goods The farmers were paid by small bits of there wheat and or barley. Z+rI4n=SjZg@R QLSK3qKC3g/'k>IE+{)Fs/- =I7I {g(9`SI#GPRO+{\_wW4WZ=#-? The association of the high-ranking king with irrigation highlights the importance of irrigation and Egypt, Egyptians developed and utilized a form of water management known as basin irrigation. Despite the fact that irrigation was crucial to their agricultural success, there were no statewide regulations on water control. The stem of the plant was used to make boats, mats, and paper. Smaller palaces have been found in other places. [2], Fruits were a common motif of Egyptian artwork, suggesting that their growth was also a major focus of agricultural efforts as the civilization's agricultural technology developed. 2100 BC-1700 BC middle Minoan period = old palace age The water levels of the river would rise in August and September, leaving the floodplain and delta submerged by 1.5 meters of water at the peak of the flooding. The primary script used in palace and religious writings of the Minoan civilization, one of two currently undeciphered writing systems used in ancient Crete. https://www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/, Evaluate the impact of Minoan culture on other cultures and empires of the time. 3) Mycenaean came to power in the mainland and Crete as they invaded and conquered the lands. [20], Although the Nile was directly responsible for either good or bad fortune experienced by the Egyptians, they did not worship the Nile itself. Furthermore, Linear B tablets indicate the importance of orchard farming (i.e., figs, olives and grapes) in processing crops for "secondary products". Chinese doesn't do that. BETANCOURT (ed.) Scholars believe that donkey (Equus asinus) was domesticated on the African continent, possibly in the Nile valley. /Filter /FlateDecode They raised goats, cattle, sheep, and pigs. Merchants imported lead, copper, obsidian, and ivory. High floodwaters were destructive and could destroy canals that were made for irrigation. (They made tools and weapons from bronze). Perea? However, doubt remains over the functional significance of these resources in the wider Cretan diet, especially in relation to grain, olives and animal produce. During inundation festivals, mud figures of Osiris were planted with barley.[17]. Actes de la 14e Rencontre genne Internationale, Paris, Institut National dHistoire de lArt, 11-14 Dcembre 2012, Aegaeum 37, Peeters, Leuven-Liege, 271-276. These include a mother goddess of fertility, a mistress of the animals, a protectress of cities, the household, the harvest, and the underworld, to name a few. According to Homer, Crete had 90 cities, of which Knossos was the most important one. [1] Their farming practices allowed them to grow staple food crops, especially grains such as wheat and barley, and industrial crops, such as flax and papyrus. The Minoans raised cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, and grew wheat, barley, vetch, chickpeas, figs, olives, and grapes. Egyptians relied on agriculture for more than just the production of food. Herod the Great The archaeobotanical remains, in: Apostolakou, V., Brogan, T. and Betancourt, P.P. Population growth did occur, as a solid Neolithic foundation for this growth did exist. One of the most significant features of the Minoan Print.l. This website uses cookies which are required for its normal operation. The archaeobotanical samples from Midea: agricultural choices in the Mycenaean Argolid, in G. TOUCHAIS, R. LAFFINEUR, F. ROUGEMONT, H. PROCOPIOU, S. ANDREOU (eds. Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture. Farmers used wooden plows, bound by leather to wooden handles, and pulled by pairs of donkeys or oxen. The Sumer lived in the Fertile Crescent witch was the river valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. In this article, several archaeological, historical and other aspects of aqueducts in Crete, Greece, since the prehistoric times until today, are reviewed and presented. /ca 1.0 Lack of flooding created a potentially greater issue because it left Egyptians suffering from famine. This method of farming would theoretically maintain the fertility of the soil, as well as offering protection against low yields in any single crop. [18] The earliest evidence for cattle in Egypt is from the Faiyum region, dating back to the fifth millennium BC. It is likely that the ruling house of Mycene was connected to the Minoan trade network. [17], The Egyptians personified the inundation with the creation of the god called Hapi. Further artistic depictions of farming scenes are observed on the Second Palace Period "Harvester Vase" (an egg-shaped rhyton, or pouring vessel), where 27 male figures, led by another, each carry hoes. Content may be "Agriculture." These boats were used only for navigating the Nile river. Print. Social and economic changes are approached through evidence of surplus production and storage, intensification and specialisation in agricultural practices, labour mobilisation and the production of cash crops. However, doubt remains over the functional significance of these resources in the wider Cretan diet, especially in relation to grain, olives and animal produce. Papyrus was an extremely versatile crop that grew wild and was also cultivated. In 1894 British archaeologist Sir Arthur Evans (1851-1941) visited Crete for the first time. Henkel, C. and E. Margaritis. Later, in order to form a powerful navy capable of projecting power in the nearby seas, they started building ships using Cedar. ), The House Tombs 2, 4 and 10 from Petras, Institute for Aegean Prehistory Monographs, Philadelphia Academic Press. Olive oil in the Cretan diet (or more largely, the Mediterranean diet) is comparable to butter in the Northern diet. They raised goats, cattle, sheep and pigs. Tel: 312.332.7210, 312.332.7214 , 312.332.7216, 312.332.7217 "An Introduction to the History and Culture of Pharaonic Egypt". Minoans and Egyptian AgricultureC. Well before that time, the migrating herders were going to other parts of Africa, but also coming west to the Nile delta, where there were relatively few indications of agriculture prior to that. << The Philippine Island Q:Warm-Up An Aegean Bronze Age civilization that arose on the island of Crete and flourished from approximately the 27th century to the 15th century BCE. Brogan, T., C. Sofianou, J. Morrison, D. Mylona, and E. Margaritis 2014. Decapolis and Minoan buildings often had flat tiled roofs; plaster, wood, or flagstone floors, and stood 2-3 stories high. O Angels of the Lord The predynastic site of El Omari has the earliest domesticated donkey in Egypt dated 48004500 BC (68006500 years BP). The Muscogee Q:1. 2001. "Ancient watercourses and biogeography of the Sahara explain the peopling of the desert". Make 2 copies of the information pages of your US passport. E.g. This suggests the importance of farming as an artistic motif. x_wqhz=u@/t-gw=RKRlZ@( E @B.|0L ~>>L&C};3lVUt:V{ |\R4)Pw: JeUF8 DhR:YU)v&) P:YU)4Qt5v `RF)4Qe#a A:The Muscogee Nation is a Native American tribe that is self-ruled placed in Oklahoma. Ceiling timbers would hold up the roofs. 1.Sumerian and Egyptian Why is it St. Anthonys A:Middle-Ages: Minoan civilization was able to develop its culture because its location and trading activities allowed it to acquire ideas and technology. This was possible because of the ingenuity of the Egyptians as they developed basin irrigation. consulateofegypthouston@gmail.com, US Arab Chamber of Commerce at: As the floodwaters receded in October, farmers were left with well-watered and fertile soil in which to plant their crops. The Minoan palaces provided a forum for gathering and celebrations, while at the same time they offered storage for the crops, and workshops for the artists. The Minoans raised cattle, sheep, pigs, and goats, and grew wheat, barley, vetch, and chickpeas, they also cultivated grapes, figs, and olives, and grew poppies, for poppyseed and, perhaps, opium. Watrous, D.V, Buell, M. McEnroe, J.C., Younger, J.G., Turner, L.A. Kunkel, B.S. Cretans ate wild deer and boar along with the meats made available to them by their livestock. Artistic depictions often show scenes of lily gathering and performances within 'green' spaces. Such evidence contributes to the idea that the Minoan palatial system developed through economic intensification, where greater agricultural surplus could support a population of administrators, craftsmen and religious practitioners. Also, the spread of donkeys was probably connected to the increase in the long-distance trade that was occurring at the time, and the need for pack animals. Catholic Church. In the eighth century bc, Hesiod described a primitive type of plough that consisted of little more /BitsPerComponent 8 While the flooding of the Nile was much more predictable and calm than other rivers, such as the Tigris and Euphrates, it was not always perfect. H Q:Which of the following dominant ideas influencing ideologies best Dakhleh Oasis, in particular, has been the subject of considerable recent research, and it supplies important evidence for early Egyptian agriculture. People and plants: conscious choices or socio-economic necessities? However, their diets revolved around several staple crops, especially cereals and barley. The goddesses are often depicted with serpents, birds, or poppies, and are often shown with a figure of an animalupon her head. ~-JEu*=Q6(2]SzKu7zL#f+yW$ FaX67~ 4FkoMW(_?)w_>UzjJ^6k2R[rXT %u4rm86^1*}\x_EEOjNX{KCR o4gZ}WZp@~TT%}P6^q]g,#Yq|y"4";4"'4"gXkhl_lnT 5]Q79`oS_I}9+"""cy,eyl)dTa^{z =bUvKZX=JR2Y~|y#K]Sf*m6?0:bLVT w,J]'ZNvGR'uaO.'uIXWR;?6%v]g9 ,(aCWn>:ud*STYj3 See the elaboration of both in the A:There are a number of economic systems followed by different countries in the world such as capitali Q:The passage of GI Bill impacted American society in which of the following ways? (eds. Streets were drained and water and sewage facilities were available to the upper-class, through clay pipes. Reader view. Sheep at the site of Qasr El-Sagha is dated at 5350 BC (7350 cal BP), and sheep, goats, and cattle at 5150 BC (7150 cal BP).[7]. This eruption may have inspired the legend of Atlantis. The carob, olive, apple and pomegranate were introduced to Egyptians during the New Kingdom. Rhodes, All text is available under the terms of the The importance of marine resources in the Cretan diet is equally important to consider: the prevalence of edible molluscs in site material, and the artistic representations of marine fish and animals, including the distinctive "Octopus" stirrup jar (LM IIIC), indicate an appreciation and occasional use of fish within the economy. A:The history of Filipino movies started with the initiation of moving pictures. Root crops, such as onions, garlic and radishes were grown, along with salad crops, such as lettuce and parsley. Resulted into two different forms priestly and popular. [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] %PDF-1.4 A:Absolutism has been absolutistautarchywithin whichthe monarch holds absolute authorityto manipul A:Tao is also known as Dao and refers to the natural order of things in the universe. 3.Minoans Agriculture and Egyptian Agriculture, 4.Sumerian Astronomy and Egyptian Astronomy, 5.Minoans Construction/Architecture and Egyptian Construction/Architecture. Proceedings of the International Conference held in Athens, 27-31 May 2015, Oxford: Archaeopress. /AIS false AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTION One of the signs in the Minoan script was a plough. << Wild game can no longer be found on Crete. This suggests the importance of farming as an artistic motif. Additionally, while the Nile brought silt which naturally fertilized the valley, gardens had to be fertilized by pigeon manure. Minoans buried their dead in pottery jars. A:From a historical perceptive, the founding fathers of America were able to unite 13 colonies and fin Q:7. title of the document listing all the Wild game can no longer be found on Crete. They raised goats, cattle, sheep, and pigs. By about 1,950 BC the inhabitants had invented a form of writing using hieroglyphs. ), PHYSIS. The upper floors of the palace were living quarters and they were luxurious. This horticulture generally took place further from the floodplain of the Nile, and as a result, they required much more work. Bronze Age House at the Minoan Site of Papadiolambos in East Crete (site directors: C. Sofianou and T. Brogan). [14] A temple was never built specifically for Hapi, but he was worshipped as inundation began by making sacrifices and the singing of hymns. 5) It began as a reli Q:d conservative in the their attitudes towards the r. A:The purpose of conservatives shared a political philosophy that opposed liberals and nationalists. A:The second world war started out in Europe, in the year 1939, while Germany plagued Poland. The Myceneans probably lacked the skills to manage a large trading empire. The number of domestic, or sleeping, chambers at the Palaces indicate that they could have supported a large population of individuals who were removed from manual labour. Agriculture Most important economic activity in Ancient Egypt because majority of population took part in farming. Why did Argentinians and Brazilia A:Brazil and Argentina are some of the Latin American countries which in the early decade of the 19th Q:What was the cause of St. Anthony s fire in Europe during the Middle Ages? Frescoes were painted on the walls. [6], At Farafra Oasis, goat dated around 6100 BC (8100 cal BP) was found in the Hidden Valley village. These gardens and orchards were generally used to grow vegetables, vines and fruit trees. surviving sons of The site of Maadi comes next (4500-4000 BC). The best surviving examples of Minoan art are its pottery and palace architecture with frescos that include landscapes, stone carvings, and intricately carved seal stones. Compare and Contrast the following : A. Calligraphy and HieroglyphicsB. Other illustrations have led to some theories that the Minoans also believed in animal-headed demons. The cereals such as brachiaria, sorghum and urochloa were an important source of food.[4]. The Bronze Age began in Crete around 2700 BCE, when several localities on the island developed into centers of commerce and handwork. 4 0 obj This research theme focuses on the role of farming regimes, agricultural practices, labour mobilization, production of secondary products, and supply and would ferry grain from the Black Sea farms back to their Greek Island A:Since you have asked multiple question, we will solve the first question for you. Later, during the Greco-Roman period peaches and pears were also introduced. [17], The god Osiris was also closely associated with the Nile and the fertility of the land. Content uploaded by Rita Roberts. Minoan art suggests that the Minoans may have worshipped a Mother Goddess who was the Goddess of Fertility, Animals, Cities, Households, Harvests, and the Underworld. - Their fertile land and resources gathered many people = population. This period represents the apex of the Minoan civilization. They grew wheat, barley, grapes and olives. Q:Why did the US Government want to move Indian tribes from the east to Kansa. /Subtype /Image Several possibilities may be suggested, including a model where all economic and agricultural produce was controlled by the Palace and re-distributed by it. The decline of Minoan civilization and the decline in use of bronze tools seem to be correlated. Logographs- symbols that represent a concept. Other staples for the majority of the population included beans, lentils, and later chickpeas and fava beans. /CreationDate (D:20201019223946+03'00') No massive rise in population could be generated or sustained in the Aegean region. There has also been evidence of Minoan influence among Canaanite artifacts.
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