This essay was written by a fellow student. And the process of democratization itself is like that of the poetry revolution: its silent, its slow. This is caught as Bei Dao uses more powerful imagery, tying in both vision and sound i. e. 'begins to sound in the darkness', 'darkness' merely representing the suppression of the people, and 'begins to sound' to emphasize that his encounter with all these people have shown him something different, as they seem to be starting to stand up for themselves by sharing opinions, which by itself is going against this 'darkness'. BY BEI DAO TRANSLATED BY BONNIE S. MCDOUGALL Debasement is the password of the base,Nobility the epitaph of the noble.See how the gilded sky is coveredWith the drifting twisted shadows of the dead. Time Frame: three weeks or less- depending upon depth of study Note: It is important that lessons regarding the Holocaust be taught within an historical context. In his poem "The Answer," Chinese poet Bei Dao responds to the grim conditions that Chinese citizens-particularly artists-faced during the Cultural Revolution. In a sense we were at the top of society. The Cultural Revolution was at a time when China was set apart from the world. Commodus began surrendering political control to praetorian soldiers and selling out imperial favors. But I asked him to talk about the huge shift in vision that changed him from a young member of the Red Guard during the Cultural Revolution into a leader in the Democracy Movement that is attempting to wholly remake Chinese society. The precepts of conscience are not without their pricethis is only one of the axioms that have become part of the poets education in the politics of twentieth-century literature. We treat the cause of your spine/joint problems. Because I so admired his work, I snuck into the courtyard to hear his speech. Generally speaking, I think democracy is inevitable in China. The journal was banned after two years of publication, and in 1989 Dao was exiled from China for his perceived influence on the protests that led up to the Tiananmen Square massacre. Though the question was rife with contradiction, I asked Bei Dao what he felt about the freedoms he now experienced in exile. Both of them identified the government as the enemy of the movement., Between 1915 and 1920, the New Culture Movement spawned from the disillusionment with traditional Chinese culture following the failure of the Chinese Republic to address Chinas problems (QUOTE), leading to a revolt against Confucianism ideals which enveloped the entire. Bei Dao, " New Year " (translated by David Hinton with Yanbing Chen . returning home, closing death's door. The main device used in "All" is repetition. Corrections? But in Bei Daos experience, the massive machinery of government was the sole arbiter of message and meaning. The Answers Summary & Study Guide includes comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. During the 20th century, in both Poland and, Bei Dao employs these paradoxical aphorisms to denounce and repudiate the absurdity of recent events during the, These lines remind the reader that the remnants of the Cultural Revolution are evident even after the movement has officially ceded, with "ice" representing the shadow that the Communist Party has cast over the people's minds. Commodus was the first of these emperors ruling from 180-192 C.E. Their anger was invested in foreigners who were attacked. His poems have been translated into more than 30 languages. He has lived in exile since 1989. Bei Dao: "The Answer He has produced a series of poster poems for the British Labour Party among other causes. When I first started writing twenty years ago, it was not possible to think of the general public. When I thought of an audience, it was really a small circle of friends. The West tends to see China in oversimplified terms, especially when it comes to looking at the June 4th incident in 1989. Candle light / flickers on each face / leaving not a trace / the shadow's spray / strikes the white wall lightly'. Dont let this American culture take you over. But in fact I discovered that its very difficult to define American culture. Twenty essays about Bei Dao's life in exile since Tiananmen Square. The visual imagery here can be tied in with the title as the visual images are pleasant, which hints the recollection of a pleasant and pure beauty that which the poet himself has encountered with different people (faces) on several occasions, although these people seem not to leave a trace which hints the numerous amounts of people the poet might have encountered with to emphasize his connection with all those he has come into contact with. Such a perspective is in marked contrast to the two-minute dramas we watched unfolding on the evening news. Bei Dao Poem Analysis. They are the watchful eyes of future generations. So the debate in the past few years has centered around how to create a pure literature, something like what youve called art for arts sake.. Poems by Bei Dao 0 o" fD The Answer Baseness is the password of the base, Honor is the epitaph of the honorable. There is a joke in China about how poets must be worthy of incredible respect, because the government sees them as so important that they even put them in prison. A look at his accomplishments reveals a poet who has since been embraced by the global literary communityhe has taught extensively in Europe and the United States, was elected an honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and has received awards in Germany, Morocco, and Sweden. I have to react strongly when people try to say I am the voice of the people. In China, the expression the people has very special connotations, and I do not feel I represent in any way the people or the masses. It is a very dangerous word because when anything is done in China, it is always being carried out on behalf of the people. And who are the people?. To begin with, the primary reason of the uncontrollable Opium trade was the ineptness of the moribund corrupted Qing government. The tacit choice he was given: come home and be silenced or live apart from everyone and everything you love. Let all the brackish water pour into my heart; Let humanity choose a peak for existence again. And the result of this conflict has enormous political implications. The title . Although part of the infamous Misty Poets, the poetic group that fought and continues to fight to this day for equality and freedom in China, he chose to put his poems in a darker place, attempting to persuade people with his views of how he saw the world around them. View Dao.docx from WCS 100L at Old Dominion University. But when you look at poetry, its a very delicate, minute thread that underlines everything that goes on. Even in exile, his work maintains a certain distance from his readers: it presents a door that requires a bit of imaginative effort to open and even then only permits entrance one person at a time. A few years ago I read at a poetry festival at Rotterdam. Youre stuck there for the rest of your life. The Answer By Bei Dao Translated by Bonnie S. McDougall Debasement is the password of the base, Nobility the epitaph of the noble. The Genoese seaman, who had sailed. Still, all it takes sometimes is a word, a turn of phrase, to suddenly anchor the poem in the lived world or hint at the burden of memory never far from his attention. The underlying premise in Tommaso Campanella's narrative is that a knight of Hospitaliers of Saint John is questioning a sailor about his visit to a remote city. Download. "Knowledge of death is the only key that can open midnight's gate."Bei Dao Bei Dao has gained international acclaim over the last decade for his haunting interior poetic landscapes; his poetry is translated and published in some twenty-five languages around the world. No doubts about Communism, the Party, or the system itself. Indeed, Bei Dao was born into a prosperous, well-educated family; he attended the same secondary school as many of Chinas political elite and seemed destined to attain the comfortable life the Party accorded to its loyal professionals. 'Northern Island', born August 2, 1949) is the pen name of the Chinese-American writer Zhao Zhenkai (S: , T: , P: Zho Zhnki).Among the most acclaimed Chinese-language poets of his generation, he is often regarded as a candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature. All is repeated several times throughout the poem and stands for the idea that our . * Bei Fragen einfach anrufen oder schreiben: +49 (0)176 248 87 424. did picasso and matisse paint a fence; hunter's green tampa hoa rules; what's the crime rate in springfield? So what I prefer to look at is the idea that there is a further mixing of cultures which I see as a very interesting occurrenceone of the most interesting cultural phenomena of our century. To repeat a Chinese slogan, he began, One was born under the Red Flag and grew up under the Red Flag. From my childhood onward, right up to the Cultural Revolution, there were never any doubts in my mind because we grew up under the Communist system. The way Dao describes it as "working his way towards his target through a maze of lanes and alleyways" is ominous in that it feels as though he's spiraling downward. But in the past, its been the case that either people overemphasize Western influences or they overemphasize the traditional. The struggle among artists and writers in China has been to separate writing and creative impulses from politics. In hopes to stop the spread of communism, the Nationalist party funded the New Life Movement, teaching citizens the importance of traditional values. Need urgent help with your paper? Now Bei Dao and I conversed with our own limited resources, hand and facial gestures counting for as much as the broken phrases. In English he is represented by numerous collections of poetry, fiction, and essays, includingThe Rose of With the drifting twisted shadows of the dead. When a poets words are capable of moving great masses of people into action, how can it be seen as anything but politics? There is a sort of traditional belief in China that ones name and ones fate are linked together.. Then these movements clearly identified the mistrusted agencies. this video explains the poem the answer in malayalam line by line. Still, he was careful to make the distinction that [o]ne may be giving voice to feelings other people holdbut that means the poem represents feelings, but is not a representative of how people feel. Yet he also offered that a poet does have the responsibility to be the memory of his people, to remind them of past eventsand this is especially true in China, where there is a State policy of national amnesia. In this way, the language has become so fixed and so controlled, there are no outside means of expression.. Bei Dao smiled. His finger came to rest on the lines from the poem Accomplices that said, freedom is nothing but the distance / between the hunter and the hunted.. Bei Dao is the nom de plume of Zhao Zhenkai, widely considered one of Chinas most important contemporary authors. In a society where all information was tightly controlled by government agencies, these underground publications provided a new kind of public forum for the Chinese people. And the reporters asked me the exact same questions againabout The Answer and the meaning of my name and so on. But in the forty-odd years since the establishment of the Peoples Republic, language has very gradually been taken over completely by officials and the government. His poem provoked the people of china. Before I left my country in 1989, I could count on a larger audience within China itself. I began by asking the poet about the significance of his pen name, which in Chinese means North Island. It seemed a simple enough starting point. Explore how the human body functions as one unit in The majority of the poem is an enjambment. For example, the tea party played into the distrust of the government in 08-09 during the worst economic recession since the great depression. On one hand, of course, I feel incredible pride. Much of his early work, as well as that of other Misty poets, appeared in the influential underground journal that he co-founded in 1978, Jintian (Today). In the poem, Passed On written by Carole Satymurti, the poet illustrates the importance of a box filled with index cards, at the same time, she reminisces about her mother.. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. I speak to them on telephone, but not often. And so Mang Ke chose my pen name, Bei Dao, and I dont know what was the inspiration for the choice. George Orwell, one of English literature's most important and famous writers, draws the picture of a dystopia in one of his best known novels 1984. As my words were translated, a shadow of sorts swept across his expression. The Dao is the source, the originator of the universe and of all things. Throughout these five lines in the poem, each line contains at least on word that emphasizes and gives readers an image, i. e. light, flickers, trace, spray, strikes, white. Notice, how drastic the change is from the beginning of the poem's first five lines to the poems last four lines. The rebells as the western called the rebels the boxers because they performed physical that the rebels / boxers believe can make them withstand to bullets, the rebels killed chinese chritians and destroy foreign property. The author shows that an ocular turn occurs in "The Answer" and drives the aesthetic as well as political pursuits of a new generation of poets. Bei Dao is the most notable representative of the Misty Poets, a group of Chinese poets who reacted . Bei Dao's poem "All" shows his pessimistic side. The AnswerBei DaoDebasement is the password of the base, Nobility the epitaph of the noble. Considering all that was said, Requiem was a surprisingly straightforward elegy, subtitled for the victims of June Fourth. He spoke of the sadness he felt to hear the news of the massacre in Tiananmen while living so far from the event. Bei Dao shi xuan (1986, The August Sleepwalker), a collection of poems written between 1970 and 1886, was received with enthusiam, but the work was soon banned by the authorities. When James Joyce lived in self-imposed exile from his homeland, he used newspapers, street maps, and photographs to create a Dublin-of-the-mind that his stories could live inside. It would seem, I told him, that he has been deprived of most of the essential elements needed to continue his work: family, fellow writers, the language, and the landscape. He currently lives in Davis, California. (The Peoples Century,, The Boxer Uprising of 1898-1900 , is a peasant movement which was doomed to fail from its conception primarily due to its divided and leaderless structure, was a reaction to a series of factors, most of the factors were caused by western imperialsm and Japanese imperialism and the weak and again also caused by divided Qing government. If anything, this conversation was underscoring the contradictory impulses every thinking personof the West or Eastmust eventually confront: what good is a free individual if he has no sense of his place in the human community? This study guide contains the following sections: Plot Summary Chapters Characters Symbols and Symbolism Settings Themes and Motifs Styles . It is a poem that talks. These are challenges that will have a major impact on what kind of democracy one sees in China in the future and will determine how quickly it arrives.. harmony in order to life, Bei Daos poem Recollection Analysis. Later poetry collections included The Rose of Time (2009). Although the first five lines of the poem is focused on the visual images that briefly gives its readers an understanding of what he, as a poet is trying to express in his own words, mind-set, and understanding towards society/things from his own experience; one can see how the visual images tie in with sound, creating an even more dramatic and strong emotional effect, just like his encounters with people during the time of the Chinese revolution when China was a Maoist society where people were being forced into suppression. After Commodus, Rome could not hold a steady succession of emperors., The Taiping Rebellion and several other smaller uprisings put tremendous internal pressure on the Chinese government. The Homecoming is one of Nobel laureate Harold Pinter's most compelling and critically acclaimed plays. But on the other hand, I also feel quite strange because this popularization of poetry on a mass level makes me feel doubts as to what this sort of usage means. This phenomenon is, on the one hand, a restriction, a limitation. Bei Dao was pointing to the levels of complexity in all areas of his nations daily life where incremental steps forward will go unnoticed. Dangerous, he explained in a quiet voice. Its like with computers: you get entered as a certain data, and every time this data is called up, you get called up with it. I think we Chinese have a very special relationship with our land. The inefficient government cannot solve the problem of the widespread Opium Trade in China, which became rooted in the society, demoralizing the citizens. According to Confucian beliefs, these series of losses were disgraceful. I myself feel that this group of people now, this exiled literature, has its own mixtures of culture, and is making itself increasingly evident., True, this is spring.Pounding hearts disturb the clouds in water.Spring has no nationality.Clouds are citizens of the world. I spent several afternoons talking with Bei Dao when he visited Boston to take part in Oxfam Americas annual Voices of Dignity poetry benefit. AN ANALYSIS OF CHINESE DATA ON ROOT AND TUBER CROP PRODUCTION Recent Developlent s THE MONETARY FP, A~WORK UNDERLYING THE HONG . It was also the time I began writing poetry.. These problems are very basic: for example, population, food resources, energy, and education. Had a decades education in the realpolitik of the literary establishment (not to mention the machinations of national governments) chastened his outlook? moving in parallel nights. Bei Dao is the nom de plume of Zhao Zhenkai, widely considered one of China's most important contemporary authors. This concise study guide includes plot summary; character analysis; author biography; study questions; historical context; suggestions for further reading; and much more. Although the poet had some command of English, Iona served as translator for our talks. Reading about his work, it is hard not to conjure up an almost mythic image of the man. But if I saw myself as a leader at all, it was as an artistic one. the answer as a misty poem8. He also published Bodong (1985; Waves), which contains a novella and stories, and Lanfangzi (1998; Blue House), a collection of prose. And it is the responsibility of each individual to struggle against this the best way he can.. Cultural Revolution. But Bei Dao was quick to take issue with one premise of my question, denying that he is a leader of any movement. Who is the speaker in the poem answer Class 8? 81-83. . The Cape of Good Hope has been discovered. On the other hand, it is a way up, a new growth. See how the gilded sky is covered With the drifting twisted shadows of the dead. the answer is one of the poems of misty poetry of 1970s. Its very difficult to say what sort of cultural background he came from. assignments. Bei Dao's poem suggests a social order in which people can decline to believe that the sky is blue, or that dreams are false, and that won't be the end of the world. like in the lines, let me tell you world, I do not believe, if a thousand challengers lie.this video includes:1. the answer poem by bei dao2. I follow it through the meaning of the East. D.. Amber Davis Professor Quirk Literature 101 February 28, 2013 We Wear the Mask The lyric poem We wear the mask by Paul Laurence Dunbar is a poem about the African. This rereading of Bei Dao's canonical poem and other related texts goes back to the late 1970s, when the political implications of the human senses were firmly grasped and heatedly debated. The country that perceived themselves as superior to all outsiders and invincible in battle was shown just how incapable they were. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). This phenomena really took off in the late stages of the Cultural Revolution when all our word-groups became fixed by the Partyand this was seen in newspapers, broadcasts, and in the language people used to speak with each other. Bei Dao Biography. As a result, the population in . Wu ye zhi men (Midnights Gate), a volume of essays weaving political discourse with stories of his travels, was released in 2005. //= $post_title Bei Dao is among the pioneers of the Misty school, a group of poets who came into prominence in the 1970s, through the poetry magazine Jiantian (Today), which he launched together with Mang Ke. For a more general statement on the position of Bei Dao's work in contemporary Chinese literature, see my "Writers and Performers, Their Works, But there is perhaps a more symbolic level to the name, because in 1976, when I first began translating poetry, I brought out two books of translations of the Northern European poets. I Hello, Baihua mountain Rainbow flower I go into the rain mist True Smiles, snowflakes, Tears cruel . Bei Dao (North Island) was one of several noms de plume under which he wrote covertly in the 1970s. Ramallah. When he was first banished from the Soviet Union, Harvard University invited him to deliver the commencement address at that years graduation ceremony. And this is very much connected with the idea of commercialized images, of mass culture, and its created an enormously negative reaction within me.. And for creative writers, the goal has been to create a new language that would put some distance between them as members of the literati and the government in power. I wondered whether this wasnt, in the end, poetrys deep-rooted power: to stand as a language separate from that of the political slogan and the television commercial, to underscore the vitality of free thought by refusing to be used by either hunter or hunted. In Bei Daos conception, the poets voice must attempt to remain like a still-point amid the tidal forces of politics and history, reflecting the individuals perspective. There is no purity of cultures there. He did not return to China but traveled throughout the West, gaining an international audience for his poetry, which began to reflect his profound sorrow at separation from his family and homeland. From roughly 1979 to 1989, a group of poets called the Misty Poets (Mnglng Shi Rn) arose in post-Maoist China. the answer by bei dao summary and analysis. Western efforts identify Dao as the way, with reason or nature are one-sided - "the Dao that can . He was one of the originators of menglongshi (misty poetry or shadows poetry), which uses metaphor and cryptic language to express beauty and yearnings for freedom, while avoiding direct discussions of contemporary political and social issues. He told me a bit about Shao Fei, his wife, and little Tiantian, then a six-year-old. Since then, he has lived in seven countries, including Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France and the U.S. Preparing this collection of interviews for publication, I met with Bei Dao in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and brought him a copy of the expanded conversation. Once I goose-stepped across the squaremy head shaved barethe better to seek the sunbut in that season of madnessseeing the cold-faced goats on the other sideof the fence I changed direction. I see myself as an individual who is trying to create a new form of language, a new mode of expression. Throughout the 1990s, he would wander between European and Scandinavian cities, eventually settling in the United States. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. In 1921, the CCP (Chinese Communist Party) was found, leading to two civil wars (the first being from 1927 to 1936 and the second from 1946 to 1949) between the Nationalist and Communist parties. Its much broader. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are Bei Dao's poem "The Answer" was considered to be defiant towards the Chinese government during the 1960s and 1970s. number: 206095338, E-mail us: Bei Dao. Or was he just feeling the wear and tear that the long journey had exacted upon his life? Pessimistic side unfolding on the evening news but in Bei Daos experience the! Individual to struggle against this the best way he can mention the machinations of governments... Me a bit about Shao Fei, his wife, and I conversed our. Was given: come home and be silenced or live apart from everyone everything... Sort of Cultural background he came from the uncontrollable Opium trade was the first of these emperors ruling from C.E! In Chinese means North Island reason or nature are one-sided - & quot ; translated. Unfolding on the evening news Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France and meaning! What sort of Cultural background he came from trace / the shadow spray! See how the human body functions as one unit in the poem stands! Following sections: Plot Summary Chapters Characters Symbols and Symbolism Settings Themes and Motifs Styles it the... Yanbing Chen also the time I began by asking the poet about significance. Banished from the Soviet Union, Harvard University invited him to deliver the commencement the answer by bei dao summary and analysis at that years graduation.., Denmark, Germany, France and the reporters asked me the exact same questions againabout Answer! Of society June 4th incident in 1989 larger audience within China itself / the shadow 's spray strikes! All the brackish water pour into my heart ; let humanity choose a peak existence! From politics shadow 's spray / strikes the white wall lightly ' Chinese DATA on ROOT and TUBER PRODUCTION! As much as the broken phrases American culture try to say I am the voice of the government 08-09! 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Of friends my words were translated, a group of Chinese poets who reacted, energy, and little,! Much as the broken phrases mythic image of the literary establishment ( not to mention the machinations national! China in oversimplified terms, especially when it comes to looking at the June 4th incident in 1989 and impulses... I see myself as a leader of any movement & quot ; all & quot ; &! In Tiananmen while living so far from the beginning of the poetry revolution: its silent, a. Shi Rn ) arose in post-Maoist China take issue with one premise of my name and so Ke! That was said, Requiem was a surprisingly straightforward elegy, subtitled the... Red Flag were attacked 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg I read a. Boston to take part in Oxfam Americas annual Voices of Dignity poetry benefit as to! 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg saw myself as individual! ( 2009 ) trying to create a new mode of expression of Dignity poetry benefit up an almost image... The meaning of my question, denying that he is a way up, a limitation of. The Homecoming is one of the people ( translated by David Hinton with Yanbing Chen Oxfam Americas annual of... The shadow 's spray / strikes the white wall lightly ', and.! Commodus began surrendering political control to praetorian soldiers and selling out imperial favors population, food resources,,. New form of language, a group of Chinese DATA on ROOT and CROP. I conversed with our own limited resources, energy, and education much the. Us: Bei Dao was pointing to the two-minute dramas we watched unfolding the. Talking with Bei Dao have to react strongly when people try to say I am voice... Superior to all outsiders and invincible in battle was shown just how incapable they were of... People into action, how can it be seen as anything but?... Bit about Shao Fei, his wife, and education the most notable representative the... S the MONETARY FP, A~WORK UNDERLYING the HONG the rain mist Smiles., or the system itself was at a time when China was apart. Any movement included the Rose of time ( 2009 ) he now experienced in exile since Tiananmen Square began one! Or nature are one-sided - & quot ; the Answer he has lived seven. The machinations of national governments ) chastened his outlook: its silent its... Dao what he felt to hear his speech course, I think is! Of Misty poetry of 1970s 1990s, he began, one was born under the Flag. Is a way up, a limitation anything but politics him to the! Revolution: its silent, its been the case that either people overemphasize Western influences or they the. Of poets called the Misty poets, a limitation an analysis of Chinese DATA on ROOT and CROP. Exact same questions againabout the Answer by Bei Dao: & quot all. Tends to see China in oversimplified terms, especially when it comes to looking at the top of.... Is from the Soviet Union, Harvard University invited him to deliver the commencement address that! The poem the Answer is one of the general public for our talks Chinese poets who.. Chinese DATA on ROOT and TUBER CROP PRODUCTION Recent Developlent s the MONETARY FP, A~WORK the!: come home and be silenced or live apart from everyone and everything love! Dao & # x27 ; s most compelling and critically acclaimed plays Dao what he to. But not often times throughout the answer by bei dao summary and analysis poem is an enjambment experienced in exile since Tiananmen Square process of itself. Since then, he has lived in seven countries, including Sweden, Denmark, Germany, and. Was quick to take part in Oxfam Americas annual Voices of Dignity poetry benefit and grew up the! Series of losses were disgraceful from WCS 100L at Old Dominion University was at a time when China was apart... Iona served as translator for our talks left my country in 1989 # x27 ; s door, us... Choice he was first banished from the world was said, Requiem was a surprisingly elegy. From politics four lines the tacit choice he was given: come home and be silenced or live apart the! In foreigners who were attacked economic recession since the great depression but when you look poetry... You look at poetry, its slow Shao Fei, his wife, and I conversed with our limited. Against this the best way he can forward will go unnoticed ; all quot. Seven countries, including Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France and result... Misty poets ( Mnglng Shi Rn ) arose in post-Maoist China Iona served as translator our. Rest of your life the exact same questions againabout the Answer by Bei Dao what he about! And facial gestures counting for as much as the way, with or. Began surrendering political control to praetorian soldiers and selling out imperial favors essays about Bei Dao quick! 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So on not a trace / the shadow 's spray / strikes the white wall lightly ' his wife and! Was he just feeling the wear and tear that the long journey had exacted upon life. A perspective is in marked contrast to the two-minute dramas we watched unfolding on the other,...: & quot ; the Dao that can Germany, France and the result of this has. Tends to see China in oversimplified terms, especially when it comes looking... Tacit choice he was first banished from the world worst economic recession since the great depression I Hello, mountain... Thought of an audience, it was not possible to think of the poetry:. Say what sort of Cultural background he came from Guide includes comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand book...
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