Theres a Roman statue of Artio, now housed in the Historisches Museum, in Bern. Some scholars believe the Dkklfar may simply be another name for dwarves. Born of Loki and the Jtunn Angrboa, he is the brother of the great serpent, Jrmungandr, and queen of the underworld, Hel. In honour of the goddess, Callisto took a vow to be a maiden. Oct 7th in Telemark is Britemesse, in memory of St. Birgitta of Sweden. Is it lost in the tradition because there never were any bears on Iceland? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'planetnorway_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_3',147,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-planetnorway_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Elves in Norse mythology are split into two different types: The Dkklfar (Dark Elves) and the Ljslfar (Light Elves). "[15]:132 In addition, the helm-plate press from Torslunda depicts a scene of Odin with a berserker with a wolf pelt and a spear as distinguishing features: "a wolf-skinned warrior with the apparently one-eyed dancer in the bird-horned helm, which is generally interpreted as showing a scene indicative of a relationship between berserkgang and the god Odin". WebAlbert Einstein. Yes, there might be something here: the lynx and wolverine are also absent, and the boar has only one representative, and that is a construct rather than a "natural" animal. Scholars believe his being a squirrel has little significance or is perhaps an insult to those who would spread rumors and gossip. I think the fact that bears aren't social and not particularly economic explains a lot. Many children had a favourite Teddy Bear or were influenced by childhood bears such as Pooh, Little Bear, Paddington or the many others that are special across the world. "Der Schamanismus bei den sibirischen Vlkern", Strecker und Schrder, 1925. The rage the berserker experienced was referred to as berserkergang (Berserk Fit/Frenzy or The Berserk movement). They were associated with the birth of life, as well as the concept of intuition. It makes people afraid, it makes people sicken and it drives people insane. The reason ravens might have become such an important symbol was that as carrion birds, they could be considered to be gathering gifts for Odin after a battle. The bear stands for strength, healing, inner Nowhere else in history are Germanic bear-warriors and wolf-warriors fighting together recorded until 872 AD with Thrbirn Hornklofi's description of the battle of Hafrsfjord when they fought together for King Harald Fairhair of Norway. Viking and Norse both refer to the Germanic people living in Scandinavia at the time of the Viking Age. These two words are used interchangeably. The difference lies in the occupation or work of the person. The hare was one of the totem animals of lunar goddesses like Freyja and Holda. The dwarves forge the strongest chain ever made, Gleipnir, to bind him. It can be seen from the cave paintings at Chauvet in France through to the Ainu Bear ceremony in the 20th century. In 825 according to one chronicle, and 827 according to another, Art, son of the Irish king Diarmait, was beheaded. The wolf seems to have really engaged them, perhaps because of the duality of wolf/dog, tame and wild, while the bear to them was totally wild. Men who were thus seized performed things which otherwise seemed impossible for human power. Bjorn, Beorn, Bruno/ Bear/ Norse, German However there is confusion around whether the legends relate to Bootes or Ursa Minor. Lets take a closer look at some of the Nordic animals that regularly appeared throughout Viking and Nordic literature. They can be found over most of Europe, North America, and Northern Asia. Due to Huginn and Munnin, Odin is often associated with ravens. Beside themselves with envy, and furious that they had squandered their rights to this handsome nobleman, one of the brides older sisters hanged herself from a tree and the other one drowned herself in a well. WebDuring the Viking Age, these warrior-shamans typically fell into two groups: the berserkers ( Old Norse berserkir, bear-shirts) and lfhenar (pronounced oolv-HETH-nahr with a Skolts in Lappland call themselves brothers of the bear. They were seen as creatures capable of seeing the truth in any situation, and were considered to have phenomenal wisdom. Upon the land he was as Arcas the huntsman pursuing the bear into the forest, or the Land, and on into sacred space, the temple. WebFor this list, were ranking the most famous gods from the world of Norse mythology, that is to say the formative fables and tales which hail from such countries as Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Everything you need to know about travelling in Scandinavia. The bear man is probably depicting a berserker. Larger cats like the Lynx also had their own unique connection to Norse mythology. It may represent a need to withdraw or go within, to hibernate or be introspective. In battle She eats the buds off the tree Lrar, producing so much mead that she fills a huge cauldron every day to provide her magical drink for all the warriors of Valhalla. Similar, but not the same. Maybe the bear is considered an evil totem of sorts. Not much else is known about their behaviors and world. As opposed to reindeers which were nomadically domesticated (by the sami people in the far north and by not vikings AFAIK). Then prune the vine. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'planetnorway_com-large-mobile-banner-2','ezslot_1',165,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-planetnorway_com-large-mobile-banner-2-0'); They would guard their graves and treasure, sometimes a royal palace or burial mound. In this it is a symbolism of strength and protection. Eigi mannligu eli: Shape, Monstrosity and Berserkism in the Sagas of Icelanders. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'planetnorway_com-narrow-sky-2','ezslot_16',169,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-planetnorway_com-narrow-sky-2-0'); Fylgja can also refer to shapeshifting between animals, as many mythological beings in Norse legends can do. However, the sources describe several other characteristics that have been ignored or neglected by modern commentators. Am I just missing alot of references to bears in Asgard, or did the bear have a different kind of role to play than other animals? The brown bear is the most widespread bear species. 3 Answers Sorted by: 5 The Norse gods of the sagas don't seem to have accumulated treasure in caves or chests, but they had many marvellous items, mostly made by the dwarfs. Here we have the origins of elves, dwarves, giants, and legendary individual creatures such as Jrmungandr, the world serpent, and Fenrir, the great wolf. Many Northern tribes believed that a bear was their forefather. Brown Bears have a large hump of muscle over their shoulders which give strength to the forelimbs for digging. My clinical experience with Vietnam combat veterans prompts me to place the berserk state at the heart of their most severe psychological and psychophysiological injuries. Who hack through enemy shields. He acted as a messenger between the worlds of the living and the dead. Looking through the history of the Nordic people, we can see animals in Norse mythology had a significant part to play in the lives and religions of these communities. Later when she married a man from her village, she had a son. However, the foes of war were soon replaced by other enemies: cold, thirst, and hunger. Cats were considered sacred symbols of love, thanks to their connection with the Goddess Freya. The terms of the pact were quickly stated: for seven years the soldier was to wear only a bearskin robe, both day and night. How could magic slowly be destroying the world? These messages go between Verflnir, the eagle who lives in the high branches on top, and Nidhggr, who gnaws on the roots below. The one story I can think of which even mentions them is how Gleipnir, the chain that fettered Fenrir, was made: one ingredient was the "sinews of a bear", together with several more fantastic items, such as the breath of a fish. But the draugr are not ghosts in the traditional sense, but rather reanimated bodies of the dead. This Kveldulf is described as a berserker, as opposed to an ulfheinn. Polar bears also had their own unique meaning in the world of Norse animals. I consent to the privacy policy and terms and conditions. I wonder if @LocalFluff isn't on to something, because berserks were seen as totally outside society, too unpredicatable and dangerous to have around. It is proposed by some authors that the berserkers drew their power from the bear and were devoted to the bear cult, which was once widespread across the northern hemisphere. Scandification explores and celebrates the magic of Scandinavia. B Bdvar Bjarki C Callisto (mythology) G Often the Bear is associated with danger and aggression. In Norway, they were seen as creatures capable of unlocking supressed emotions, and helping people to overcome challenges. Females produce a litter every 2 to 4 years. There are several species of bear Asiatic Black, American Black, Spectacled, Polar, Sun, Sloth and the Panda. In a little woollen box Gods like Odin and Thor regularly took on the shape of a bear when visiting the human world. It was commonly believed that bears would not attack a person they recognised as a female. [43] Other explanations for the berserker's madness that have been put forward include self-induced hysteria, epilepsy, or mental illness, among other causes. They were representative of thought and the bind. The two older daughters made no attempt to hide their repugnance of the strange suitor, but the youngest unhesitatingly accepted her fathers will. There was in Ireland in the 2nd Century a high king named Art Oenfer Art the Lonely, or Lonely Bear. The Norse Gods Thor and Odin often took the shape of a bear to visit the human world. Nidhggr, therefore, is trying to make the cosmos fall into chaos along with the other dragons. The Lewis Chessmen, found on the Isle of Lewis (Outer Hebrides, Scotland) but thought to be of Norse manufacture, include berserkers depicted biting their shields. At the point where he would have killed his Mother who gave him life, he is rescued by the Father God, and in a spectacular exchange of energies his role as hunter is changed into that of Guardian or Keeper as he enters the realm of stars. Apparently, this goddess drove a chariot pulled by two giant cats. Some scholars have interpreted those who could transform as a berserker as "hamrammr" or "shapestrong" literally able to shapeshift into a bear's form. He dwells beneath the Yggdrasil, the world-tree, and sucks on its roots. Free shipping for many products! The eagle is associated with Vidofnir, an eagle who sits within Yggdrasil and watches over the world. They dwell underground in Svartalfheim, the home of the black elves, living in a vast labyrinth of mines and forges. Odin not only had two ravens who accompanied him at all times, but also two wolves named Geri and Freki, who Odin fed from his own table. Mythology & Folklore Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for enthusiasts and scholars of mythology and folklore. (A Finnish folk poem). Does Norway use the Euro? This is what the Bear Sark (Bear Shirts) Viking warriors did before battle. A guide to Viking beards, Were the Dutch Vikings? The elk (or moose) is also absent, isn't it? The jtunn, also called giants or frost giants, is a kind of rival to the gods similar to the titans in Greek mythology. In spite of their size, they can run at speeds of up to 56 km/h (35 mph). He is then later called lord of goats.. The bear was regarded as the king of all animals. or 'runway threshold bar? This is much like the Chipewyan story of the Bear who stole the sun, causing winter, and it took the other creatures to break into his cave and bring the spring sun back. This would relate the Bear in astronomy to Bootes the Hunter / Herdsman or Arcturus and the returning sun. @andejons The alternative cost of domesticating a bear (or an elk) is to eat its meat and use or sell its hide. [30], The earliest surviving reference to the term "berserker" is in Haraldskvi, a skaldic poem composed by Thrbirn Hornklofi in the late 9th century in honor of King Harald Fairhair, as ulfhenar ("men clad in wolf skins"). Here are 10 of the most interesting and powerful norse mythological weapons wielded by the Norse Gods according to Norse mythology. It is a Good Omen and to follow it is to walk a safe path. They bear bloody shields. A Taoist saying is the sage sleeps when he is tired. Start typing to see results or hit ESC to close. The two brothersone a bear-boy and the other a man-boygrew and one day, playing and fighting, the man-boy wounds his bear brother. WebWhat does the bear mean in Norse mythology? The Giants are often considered evil in Norse mythology. They are typically considered to be the largest and strongest creatures in the mythology, and are Are All Giants Evil? There is no correct answer to this question as it is subjective. Some people might say that all giants are evil, while others might say that some giants are simply (In Egils saga Skallgrim kills a servant when the berserker rage descends on him, and nearly kills his son.) He was not to wash, nor cut his nails, nor blow his nose, nor even wipe his behind. Brown Bears are omnivores; they feed on a variety of plant parts, including berries, roots, and sprouts; fungi; and fish, insects and small mammals. A certain stress was used when Se (it), Itse (self), Hn (he) was said. Well start with the general races of creatures and beings before moving on to the specific legendary creatures of Norse mythology. When the person is ready they will be able to proceed through the gate, the bear may not even be there anymore. wisdom, strength and healing that bring balance to seen and the unseen world. [13][14], To "go berserk" was to "hamask", which translates as "change form", in this case, as with the sense "enter a state of wild fury". Valsgarde, Sweden, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berserker&oldid=1127826409, Wolves in folklore, religion and mythology, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Old Norse-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The berserker is often used in many different forms of media as an archetype, such as in video games, with some examples being. Folklore Hungary / Mongolia / Russian Steppes / China A new deity to gain major status in the Neo-Hittite era was Karhuhas (or Kurhunta), the Stag God. Vikings and other Norse people believed this animal symbolized the ability to see beyond the natural realm. Huginn and Munnin are the two ravens who help Odin as part of his menagerie of spirits. Einstein is one of the most well-known scientists in history, and his contributions to modern physics have revolutionized our understanding of the universe. Then, each morning they fly out all over the world to seek information to bring to Odin. Going Hamr out, spiritually shape shifting, like this is not to be done lightly. The name of the clan was derived from its ancestor, often with the addition of an -ung or -ing ending. But beyond that, ravens are exceptionally intelligent birds, and we can see that the names of Odins ravens represent intelligence. Ratatoskr was a squirrel known for running between the great serpent Nhggr and Yggdrasil. [2] Thirteenth-century historian Snorri Sturluson interpreted the meaning as "bare-shirt", that is to say that the warriors went into battle without armour,[3] but that view has largely been abandoned. The seven years were nearly finished, so a short time later Bearskin did indeed come back for his bride. This condition is said to have begun with shivering, chattering of the teeth, and chill in the body, and then the face swelled and changed its colour. Jrmungandr was apparently the child of Loki, and was tossed into the ocean by Odin before he became large enough to encircle Midgard. How to automatically classify a sentence or text based on its context? Odin had three specific animals he was most commonly associated with, outside of the bear. People said that in the dead of the night, if anybody cared to listen, the plough and waggon of the Great and Lesser Bear could be heard turning. The symbolism connected with animals in Norse mythology may be one of the main reasons why Viking animals were cared for with such respect. UK Many earlier sagas portrayed berserkers as bodyguards, elite soldiers, and champions of kings. They are depicted as hideous to look at and reeking of rot and decay. [21][23] Ulfhenar are sometimes described as Odin's special warriors: "[Odin's] men went without their mailcoats and were mad as hounds or wolves, bit their shieldsthey slew men, but neither fire nor iron had effect upon them. Made famous by J. R. R. Tolkien, the dwarves and the elves originate from Norse Mythology. They included Frey's ship, Skblanir and boar, Gullinbursti, Odin's spear Gungnir and ring Draupnir, and Thor's hammer, Mjlnir. How can citizens assist at an aircraft crash site? Else Roesdahl. Red with blood are their spears when they come to fight. When one wanted to flatter one might say Jumalan mies (the man of God), Suuriherra (mighty master), Mesikmmen (lazy honey-pawed one), Mesikkinen (honey-eater). Theres more to the story than that, as their name means choosers of the slain, which implies they determine who will die in battle. [6][11] The berserkers maintained their religious observances despite their fighting prowess, as the Svarfdla saga tells of a challenge to single-combat that was postponed by a berserker until three days after Yule. It can be used on open wounds to promote healing, reduce swelling and provide an anti-bacterial agent plus promoting new skin growth. Orsen, Orson, Orsini/ Little Bear/ Italian, Old French Can state or city police officers enforce the FCC regulations? Vikingernes Verden. Where was Bruin given birth Sacred Times He succeeds, and they fight when Jrmungandr surfaces, Thor using his hammer and the beast spewing poison. How (un)safe is it to use non-random seed words? If anybody has a tip about this it would be much appreciated. Berserkers are attested to in numerous Old Norse sources. Bears in Norse mythology were seen as the forefather of man. WebPages in category "Mythological bears" The following 13 pages are in this category, out of 13 total. [47], It has been suggested that the berserkers' behavior inspired the legend of the werewolf.[48]. Tales of their magical powers are also numerous, with some draugr shapeshifting, entering into dreams, and creating darkness in their surroundings. Lets take a closer look at some of the animals associated with Norse mythology. Loki, in Norse mythology, a cunning trickster who had the ability to change his shape and sex. "ERROR: column "a" does not exist" when referencing column alias. A Hamingja is a kind of female guardian spirit with a similar connection to a person as their fylgja. Thors Rune / Thurisaz: the thorn that protects and stings. Because of this belief women were supposed to stay far away from a dead bear during a bears funeral feast. Brown Bears have coats in shades of blond, brown, black, or a combination of those colours; the long outer guard hairs are often tipped with white or silver, giving a grizzled appearance. By the way there were a kind of berserkers, ulfhednar, who turned into wolves, although you don't hear so much about them. WebHe startled it with a mighty shout (a handy trick he picked up from his teacher, Pan), and fastened it with chains. WebAnswer: Since marvel has popularized Norse mythology a ton, the most recognizable deity among normal people would be Thor, specifically Chris Hemsworths Thor and Tom Hiddlestons Loki. Additionally, the Vikings saw the bear as a symbol of inner strength, wisdom, and healing. Only four populations of brown bear remain in central and western Europe: in the Cantabrian Mountains of Spain, the Pyrenees Mountain Range, the Alps, and the Abruzzo Mountains of Italy. Brown Bear: Ursus Arctos (sub-species are the Grizzly, Kodiak, European, American, Asiatic, Kamchatka, Syrian and Mexican). Another one of Odins helper spirits, Odin rides Sleipnir on his journeys through Yggdrasils roots and branches, leading him through the nine worlds. However Native Americans say that dreaming of bears is a sign of receiving the wisdom of the ancient ones. Metn elukka (beauty of the forest), Otso (the apple of the forest) etc. Similar to the ravens Hugin and Munin, theyre parts of Odin, forming part of him even as they remain distinct. The Bear can often appear as the guardian in trance work. They would howl like wild beasts, foam at the mouth, and gnaw the rims of their shields. Valkyrie, also spelled Walkyrie, Old Norse Valkyrja (Chooser of the Slain), in Norse mythology, any of a group of maidens who served the god Odin and were sent by him to the battlefields to choose the slain who were worthy of a place in Valhalla. For instance, Beserkers were people in the Viking realm known for embodying the spirit of the bear for strength and ferocity. Valkyries are Odins female spirits, flying maidens who ferry the slain on the battlefield to Valhalla. They are described at times as astoundingly beautiful and at other times as grotesque. The Morris dancers never went forth in former times without a man wrapped in a bear-skin. Her name means hornless, milk-rich cow.. They would rarely interact with humans except to cure or cause sicknesses for unknown reasons. He dwells beneath the Yggdrasil, the world tree, and sucks on its roots. However, theyre sometimes connected to dragons. So the Great Bear of the Northern skies may be regarded as a she-bear, the Earth-Bear Mother. I never thought about lynx and wolverine, but it's true that the other larger predators don't feature in Norse myth either. (2000). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. However, they do appear in other stories: in the story of Hrlf Kraki, the hero Bdvar Bjarki (the norse version of Beowulf) is asleep during a great battle, but it turns out that there is a great bear fighting in his stead. [5], In battle, the berserkers were subject to fits of frenzy. Ursula/ Little Bear /Latin. The lynx was seen as a guardian of hidden knowledge and spirituality. Why did OpenSSH create its own key format, and not use PKCS#8? Of all the ranks of the shamanic Norse cult, the Berserkers were the most well known. Ravens hold an important place in Norse mythology, and are mentioned throughout a number of sagas. The light elves are said to live in the realm of lfheimr, meaning elf home, under the rule of the god Freyr. Eagles were considered to help Vikings discover spiritual truths and magic. It can be seen why the bear is regarded as a Brother they can walk on two legs, are omnivorous and like the same food as humans honey, salmon, fruit, nuts and meat. Merkelbach, Rebecca. Otso is called in the runes by many endearing titles as The Honey-Eater, Golden Light-Foot, The Forest-Apple, Honey-Paw of the Mountains, The Pride of the Thicket, and The Fur-robed Forest-Friend. PO Box 1333 Light elves are tall, slender beings who are said to be fairer than the sun. Some populations exist in Scandanavia and in the Caparthian and Balkan mountains. It is supposedly the day the bear collects heather and moss and goes to his winter den. After this, he became the great god he is known as, and wielded a number of magical powers. Born in Trondheim and currently living in Oslo, Erik knows the ins and outs of Norwegian History, society, and culture. Animals popular in Norse mythology helped to shape the belief system of the Vikings, which later went on to inspire many other religions throughout the centuries. His name is often translated as meaning Bee Wolf; as a Bear attacks bees for their honey. Its bristles glowed in the dark, illuminating his path. The peasants son eats the marrow of the bone, which affects the resurrection of the goat who then has a slight limp. Scandification is a participant in Amazon Service LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn advertising fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated websites. The Norse fertility god Freyr had a wild boar called Gullinbursti, meaning Golden mane. This It is no ordinary animal but some sort of human being living in a forest. In this it can probably be said to be the oldest human-animal relationship. Seen as a mysterious creature with a deep connection to the spiritual realm, elks were symbols of both wisdom and discovery. Letter of recommendation contains wrong name of journal, how will this hurt my application? There are warriors depicted as barefoot, bare-chested, bearing weapons and helmets that are associated with the Germani. Jrmungandr was apparently the child of Loki, and was tossed Barri: Barri is a sacred grove where the God Freyr and Gerd were married. The statue depicts the goddess seated, facing a bear unless of course the bear is the goddess and the woman a supplicant. WebAchilles: son of the sea nymph Thetis (daughter of sea god Nereus), and Peleus, king of the Myrmidons. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'planetnorway_com-leader-2','ezslot_6',163,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-planetnorway_com-leader-2-0'); Many stories within Norse mythology have Valkyries in love affairs with human men and assisting Odin in taking his favorite warriors to Valhalla, where they will eventually fight for him during Ragnarok. A ploughing custom (note the time and plough reference) the `straw-bear was a man completely swathed in straw, led by a string by another, and made to dance in front of peoples houses. They have fought several times, and when Ragnarok begins, they are fated to kill each other. A strong and potentially aggressive force, maybe a paternal one. When a person died, it was thought that their hamingja passed down to their most beloved family member, increasing their fortune over time. His famous equation, E=mc2, has become synonymous with genius and innovation, while his theories about relativity and quantum mechanics continue to shape scientific research. Perhaps it is that their behaviour is so like ours that they are regarded as Brother Bear. Fenrir was suspicious of being bound by it for a game the gods thought up to trick him but allowed it if one of the gods would put their hand in his mouth as they tied him. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Those who wade out into battle? if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'planetnorway_com-large-mobile-banner-1','ezslot_0',167,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-planetnorway_com-large-mobile-banner-1-0'); During Ragnarok, Fenrir is fated to escape the binding and devour huge swaths of the world, with his lower jaw to the ground and his upper jaw covering the sky. Bears in Norse mythology were seen as the forefather of man. However, there is still a large population in the Japanese island of Hokkaido. Although his father was the giant Frbauti, he was included among the Aesir (a tribe of gods). [42] An analysis of the symptoms caused by Hyoscyamus niger are also similar to the symptoms ascribed to the berserker state, which suggest it may have been used to generate their warlike mood. The hawk is another creature connected to Yggdrasil. [5], The bas relief carvings on Trajan's column in Rome depict scenes of Trajan's conquest of Dacia in 101106 AD. in a little iron box. The famous characters of Norse mythologyNorse mythology refers to the legends, folklore and beliefs held mostly by Scandinavian and North Germanic people What's the name of the saga about the Icelander with the polar bear? Ratatoskr drill-tooth, is the squirrel who ferries messages up and down Yggdrasil, the world tree. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Neither comb nor shears were to touch his hair and beard. [7] Perhaps the most well-known horse was Sleipnir, an eight-legged horse, owned by Odin. Her connections with Ymir and Buri place her at the beginning of creation, helping to bring into being the first creatures of Norse mythology. At the end of one story, when Loki and Thor stop by a peasants house, they skin and cook the goats for the whole family. [19] The Germanic wolf-warriors have left their trace through shields and standards that were captured by the Romans and displayed in the armilustrium in Rome. Would Marx consider salary workers to be members of the proleteriat? Bears. They would also escape their tombs by swimming through solid rock. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company. How are bears associated with the world of dreams? 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