Did your father, John, talk about his father?We never had a family meeting where he said: Right, Im going to explain to you who your grandfather was. That was not at all the kind of person he was. He needed a secret sharer in his life as well as someone to admire him. For one thing, like all the men in the Philby family, he was bloody-minded. Inside, however, the lift is as temperamental as it ever was, so I make the journey to his flat by foot, instantly recognising the strange studded-leather front door as I emerge from the stairwell. To order a copy for 15, visit mailshop.co.uk/ books or call 0844 571 0640. But we visited Kim in Moscow and those holidays form some of my earliest memories, so it wasnt like he was a secret. Just five years ago, my mum and I were refused service in a shop in Arizona on account of the name on our credit cards. Those are the facts but there are plenty of question marks too. When Burgess and Maclean fled to Moscow, avoiding capture, Kim was the chief suspect for having given them the heads-up. This is absolutely the best place for us. Without a word, he steps out in his long dark trench coat and buffed-leather shoes, opening the back door for me to follow. Prince and Princess of Wales pay tribute to Auschwitz survivor Zigi Shipper, who dedicated his life to No rest for Anne! But her latest article contains several interesting anecdotes, including an episode at Moscows Sheremetyevo International Airport, when Soviet airport staff scrambled frantically to work around the fact that they had accidentally scheduled [the Philbys, who were returning from visiting Kim,] on the same flight back to London as the British ambassador, who was wafting around the terminal in a pinstripe suit. Perhaps its too early to judge; after all, Communism, according to its followers, is the final epoch, inevitable only once all other systems have eaten themselves which, of course, they will. Then, with no more information to be had, the story of the Macleans went dead. Im conscious that his story belongs to different people in different ways, within our family and also more widely. Youve written three previous novels about espionage and betrayal did you need to approach that world obliquely before tackling Kims story?I was adamant that I didnt want to write about Kim because ironically I didnt want to define myself through his life. Kim Philby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files UK government launched campaign to block memoirs being published fearing damaging disclosures Kim Philby had been secretly. JOHN Philby, the eldest son of Soviet spy Kim Philby, who was a double agent and the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge spy ring of the 1930s, has died in England. Philby lives in Bristol with her husband and three children. But as the months turned into years and no word came from him, she sank into depression at the realisation that she was now bringing up their children alone. As I walk towards it, the title of the Anthony Trollope novel jumps out at me: He Knew He Was Right. Two years later he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Life in Moscow. Men with erectile dysfunction who take Viagra are 25% less likely to Money saving guru Martin Lewis reveals easy FIRST step to clearing thousands of pounds in debt. There, a tall man in a blue suit and red bow-tie held out his hand and said: I am Donald Maclean. With him in the room was Guy Burgess. Today, standing at last at his final resting place, surrounded by ex-prime ministers and national heroes in an isolated cemetery on the outskirts of Moscow, with two perfect strangers looming behind me, Im once again reminded of quite how different he was. Photograph: Daily Mail/Rex Features, MI5missed early chance to expose Soviet agent Kim Philby, files reveal, Charlotte Philby: We visited Kim in Moscow, Love and Deception: Philby in Beirut by James Hanning review the spy who loved, maybe, ASplinter of Ice review Graham Greene and Kim Philby clink glasses, Graham Greenes showdown with Soviet spy Kim Philby: A Splinter of Ice review, KimPhilby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files, George Blake exemplified the desolation, waste and treachery of the cold war, Moscow names square after British double agent Kim Philby, Athriller of spies and betrayal: by Kim Philbys granddaughter. To support the Guardian and Observer order your copy at guardianbookshop.com. Cambridge-educated Nicholas Elliott and Kim Philby became close friends in 1940, when they were both working in separate departments of the British Intelligence . Born in 1946, Dudley 'Tommy' Philby is the third of Kim's five children with his second of four wives, Aileen Furse Philby. When I happened upon the story of Edith Tudor-Hart, I knew that she was the person I had to write about. Theirs had always been a stormy marriage, punctuated by bad behaviour on both sides and terrible rows. He claimed he made the admission to her to excuse his lateness for their meetings when he was busy handling documents and rendezvousing with his Soviet handler. "I tried everything to save him; after all, he was killing himself. Her fourth novel, Edith and Kim, tells the linked stories of her grandfather and Edith Tudor-Hart, a Jewish photojournalist born in Vienna, who studied at the Bauhaus, married an Englishman, worked as a Soviet agent in London and introduced Kim to his Russian handler. 1951Tips off fellow Cambridge Spy Donald Maclean that a warrant has been issued for his arrest. Everything has seen better days. Princess Royal honours Team GB curling stars and Scottish police chief at Palace of Peter Andre launches scathing attack on Prince Harry as he says Duke of Sussex is 'publicly trashing his Take note, Prince Harry! The kitchen where he would ritualistically make his daily breakfast of bacon, eggs and toast (another English habit he never broke), and spent hours cooking every evening, is now rich with the smell of the savoury pancakes Rufa is preparing for our five-hour feast. Rufina Pukhova, his Russian-Polish wife, said Philby struggled to control his drinking by downing only two glasses of cognac a night and then handing her the bottle to hide. He fell for her the moment he met her among the bohemian set he socialised with in Paris, where he was a British diplomat. It was a few years after this, in 1933, that Kim went to Vienna. The two-drink tradition remained but in time there was no longer a need to hide the bottle, she added. But in Russia he is still admired as a hero. There, a porter recalled taking their luggage to a waiting car with Salzburg number plates which drove off towards Vienna. So, too, have I seen images of his cold body decorated with medals in an open coffin, armed guards at either side, as the lavish funeral procession made its way through Kuntsevo Cemetery to this very spot. In her article, published yesterday in British daily The Independent, she describes Kim Philby as "a proud man, and one who chose to publicly stand by his actions". Melinda put the bravest of faces on her situation when she wrote to her still grief-stricken mother that she understood the suffering she had caused. The next day she notified the British Consul in Geneva. But the two men, for so long ideological comrades, fell out. Kims chair, on which no one else, under any circumstances, was ever allowed to sit while he was alive and for many years thereafter, Rufa adds remains just where it was, at the head of a low table. The boys told a child they met on a beach that the photos he had taken could not be forwarded to them as we are going away and we dont know where we are going. He was 76. Being one of North Korea's elite, for the nation he was the highest profile defection since No Kum-sok (above . 21 offers from $10.67. But, after a silence of nearly five years, here was the first actual sighting and confirmation that the runaways were alive. The KGB's only object in the world is to destroy me and the agency. Over the years he did everything that was asked of him: he gave everything he had to the cause, and yet still Moscow was deeply suspicious of a man who has been described as their finest and most loyal servant. Like your own Holy Writ, it is open to many different (and often conflicting) interpretations, according to the tastes and prejudices of the reader., In the accompanying letter, he adds: The difficulty is that [Lenin] was always writing at white-heat on burning questions of the day (or even hour); and naturally his strategy and tactics changed to meet changing circumstances My Russian edition has 55 large volumes, so there is ample room for selective quotation and even spurious interpolation. Eleanor Philby. In the intervening years, there have been endless attempts to understand how this gregarious, public-school educated English chap and his fellow Cambridge spies Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean, Anthony Blunt and John Cairncross could have been persuaded to betray their country, and dupe their family and their friends. I am a private person and a political person. Kims case was not helped by the fact that several of his Soviet controllers including Mar, the man who recruited him had later been executed as enemies of the people. When the news broke in Britain that she, too, had defected, the Press rounded on Melinda, turning the pathetic and lonely figure theyd previously portrayed her as into a scheming deceiver. On the eve of his 99th birthday, I spent, At Kim's flat with his partner, Rufina. And perhaps he felt that he certainly resented having to be escorted pretty much wherever he went for his first years in Moscow, as Rufa attests. 1962George Blake is caught. Is it time Harry & Meghan accept Clarkson's apology and move on? In 1983, a month or so after my parents took me as a newborn to meet him for the first time, Kim sent a copy of Lenins On the Dictatorship of the Proletariat, with a long, beautifully written letter to my maternal grandfather, whom he was unlikely ever to meet. 1963Disappears in Beirut on 23 January. Later she became a journalist at the Independent. Area of responsibility extended to include North African and Italian espionage. Was he wrong to have continued on the Communist path once so many others had stepped off? 1929Enters Trinity College, Cambridge. According to a recent piece in the Daily Telegraph: For years Philby had sabotaged Allied missions behind the Iron Curtain and had calculatedly sent dozens of agents to their deaths. Most famously, he was almost certainly responsible for the tip-off which led to the deaths of the first British-sponsored Albanians who parachuted in to remove Enver Hoxhas Communist regime. But as the author Graham Greene my grandfathers close friend and a fellow British intelligence officer, who worked under him at MI6 wrote in the introduction to Kims autobiography, My Silent War: The end, of course, in his eyes is held to justify the means, but this is a view taken, perhaps less openly, by most men involved in politics, if we are to judge them by their actions, whether the politician be a Disraeli or a Wilson. Offer valid until May 1, 2018. References. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. Whatever you believe, Kim felt history would prove him right: Ill be remembered as a good man, he told my mum just two years before his death, Discussing the reasons for this in the introduction to Boroviks book, The Philby Files, the journalist and biographer Phillip Knightley who interviewed my grandfather at length during his final years in Moscow writes: Could the British intelligence service really be run by such fools that no one had noticed that precious information was leaking to Moscow? Death. Philby was a 19-year-old art student when his father was exposed in 1963 as a traitor. Kim Philby and Nicholas Elliott. children: Dudley Thomas Philby, Harry George Philby, John David Philby, Josephine F. Philby, Josephine Philby, Miranda Philby, Tommy Philby Born Country: India Spies British Men Died on: May 11, 1988 place of death: Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union Cause of Death: Heart Failure More Facts Recommended Lists: British Celebrities Russian Celebrities Later arrives in Russia. 58. But neither was entirely impervious. But that didnt mean the ideal itself was corrupt or not worth pursuing. You should have seen his face.". This is not the first time Charlotte Philby has written in defense of her grandfathers actions. He was able to order new books from Bowes & Bowes bookshop in Cambridge, who checked with MI5 whether they should be supplying him. death death: 1988-05-11. 1925Attends Westminster School in London. 1944Appointed head of Section IX, newly formed to operate against Communism and the Soviet Union. She was a horsey product of the. n ADAPTED from A Spy Named Orphan by Roland Philipps, to be published by The Bodley Head on April 26 at 20. 1933Leaves Cambridge a convinced Communist. But though his love affair with the cause never wavered, his love affair with Melinda did. As for Melinda the central figure in the circle of loyalty and secrecy, desertion and reconciliation, love and solitariness that was the human drama of Donald Macleans life she lived well into her 90s before dying in New York in 2010, silent to the end about her years with one of Britains most infamous traitors. Takes charge of British intelligence in Spain and Portugal. Kim Philby met his first wife the Jewess, Litzi Friedman in Vienna, and it was Friedman, a dyed-in-the-wool communist, who convinced Philby to become a fellow KGB . He liked the fact that you could only buy seasonal goods in Moscow, but asked family members to bring out the non-perishables he loved and couldnt get there marmalade, Marmite and Worcestershire sauce. children: John David Philby Josephine F. Philby Dudley Thomas Philby Miranda Philby Harry George Philby Birth. Philby died in the city in 1988, 25 years after defecting to the Soviet Union, where he was employed as an occasional consultant to the KGB helping to prepare spies for missions to the west. H. A. R. (Kim) Philby, the double agent whose betrayal of his country and his social class indelibly marked British politics, has died in Moscow, officials in London said yesterday. The view from one of the windows is notably different, too. When its finally made clear that Ive come from England to visit the grave of my grandfather, Kim Philby, a Soviet agent who was given a heros burial somewhere on this land in the late 1980s, the old security man at the gate starts shouting, and shoos me through a private door, into the office where he regales the story to a tall man in a dark trench coat referred to as boss who in turn ushers me outside towards a brand new Range Rover with blackened windows. Debt-ridden couple killed their dog and then shot themselves dead with shotgun on the day they were due to Rishi Sunak says he is 'ensuring the safety of women and children' by blocking Scottish gender law as SNP Let them eat cake! Kim Philby was unmasked as a Soviet double agent in July 1963 when . The Philby talent for putting on an act has been inherited by Charlotte, in a sense: she worked in theatre as a child, training with Anna Scher, whose radical Islington theatre group has spotted such talent as Kathy Burke and Phil Daniels. They lived together for three years, until a younger woman caught the philandering Philbys eye. (4 children) Litzi Friedmann (24 February 1934 - 1946) (divorced . Donald Maclean pictured in his teens whilst at Gresham School - he fell for Melinda the moment he met her among the bohemian set he socialised with in Paris, Donald Maclean Soviet was Third Secretary in Paris for the British Embassy and stood head and shoulders above his contemporaries in the back row, (second from the right), Donald Maclean (arrowed in the second rank) taking part in an anti-war march in Cambridge in 1933. I love those images of him as a real person; for me, thats where the clues as to who he really was can be found. [1] Philby began his work for the Soviet Union as a spy in 1934. But the place where Kims presence looms largest from every corner is in his study. 1957Aileen Furse, Philbys second wife, dies. Thanks Darryl.I live in Australia. 1937Joins The Times as foreign correspondent. Indeed, when the leading Russian writer Genrikh Borovik was given access to Kims unseen KGB file in 1994 six years after his death the extent to which the Russians mistrusted him became clear. He achieved the deception by employing his occasional stutter, so as to buy himself time to think before telling another bare-faced lie. In the living room, the same furs hang above the sofa, alongside a pair of Afghan guns a gift from the KGB colleague whom I spoke to earlier. That he could carry on a secret life without her being aware, while at the same time working his way up the ranks of the British Foreign Office, seemed perfectly possible. Hed been worried about leaving her and their children to carry on without him, but shed given him the all-clear to go. The controversial civil rights leader was gunned down in front of his wife and children while making a speech in New York. But I had to find the right way to approach it. On their first night in Moscow, an elated Burgess and Maclean had dined in style on a great hotel balcony on the first floor overlooking the Kremlin and got drunk on vodka. 1955Government white paper on Burgess-Maclean affair. When you look at the way Edith is referred to in the [security services] files as that foreign woman, I wonder whether theres a sense of embarrassment too. When I asked my dad, shortly before he died late last year, how hed felt about his own fathers betrayal, he told me exactly what Kim had told Sayle during that interview in 1963: To betray, you must first belong. And as Kim said himself: I never belonged. My dad always had great respect for my grandfather; he told me that even when he was a child, he always knew he was up to something he just didnt know what. 23. He was happy in Moscow and fulfilled by his work. But they were quasi-spy novels so I ended up talking about them in relation to his story anyway. How much more so when its your own family?My relationship to my grandfather is complex and constantly evolving. Philby was a 25-year-old reporter for The Times and had just returned from covering the Spanish Civil War when he met rebellious Aileen Furse in London in 1937. Jeremy Hunt is mocked over toe-curling 'inflation explainer' video by ordering How much will YOUR broadband go up in price? Macmillan was, of course, Prime Minister by 1962, when the Soviet double agent George Blake was caught, and Kim could no longer hide the truth. Hardcover. Shes a sympathetic character in the novel. Philby exposed. Burgess did not cope well. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The Philby case has always fascinated me. By JOSEPH FITSANAKIS | intelNews.org | This article was amended on 31 March. The two men said very little and the interview lasted barely five minutes. Regardless of what I think of her ideology, I greatly admire the fact that she was able to hold these various parts of her life being a photographer, being a single mother alongside being a revolutionary, feeling that she could change the world. His ashes were brought back to England, as he had requested, and buried in his parents grave after dark and by torchlight so that the press would not get wind of it. Grandpas flat is almost exactly as he left it: After Kim left, I didnt want to change anything, Rufa says. How easy did you find it to capture Kims voice?I spent so long with his letters and they gave me such an insight into the expressions he used, the way he spoke, how he flipped between being tender and reflective and witty and scathing, and his very English obsession with the weather. What are you currently reading?Im trying to reconnect with what made me fall in love with books and the process of writing so Im going back to reread some of the books that feel seminal for me: The Beach, The Child in Time, White Teeth, Disgrace, The Poisonwood Bible and The Peoples Act of Love. The committee is serving as the unwitting instrument of the KGB." Kim Philby was a high-ranking member of British intelligence who worked as a double agent before defecting to Soviet Union in 1963. A retired CIA agent was once asked what he would say to Kim Philby, an MI5 agent who spied for Joseph Stalin, if he encountered the defector in Moscow. Melinda, now officially Natasha Frazer, hated Kuybyshev, which she found very primitive, and for a while Donald was depressed and disillusioned by the reality of Soviet Russia. In 1963, having been exposed in Britain as the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge Spy Ring, Kim fled to Moscow, never again to set foot from behind the Iron Curtain. But he also did it to impress her. In a written statement, they admitted they had been Communists since their Cambridge days and disingenuously described themselves as political refugees, not spies. He didnt seem to mind that their marriage was over. Donald is well and happy to be with his family again. In 1949 Kim Philby became SIS representative in Washington, as top British Secret Service officer working in liaison with the CIA and FBI. And while on holiday in Majorca, she gave away a lot of her clothes to the maid of a family she was staying with. Kims library, which he had shipped over soon after he emerged in the Soviet Union, is testimony to his complexities and to his contradictions: across four walls of bookshelves, Russian classics and key Communist texts stand side by side with Raymond Chandler and PG Wodehouse novels; there are 19 volumes of Cambridge Modern History and a Sherlock Holmes scrapbook. Kim went to great efforts upon his return to England to cover the traces of his Communist background joining the Anglo-German fellowship in 1934, and editing its pro-Hitler magazine; making repeated visits to Berlin for talks with the German propaganda ministry; even being personally presented with the Red Cross of Military Merit award by Franco in 1938. After graduating from Washington University, she worked for the advertising agency J. Walter Thompson in San Francisco. Was he lamentable for still believing that a Communist state could ultimately exist, free from the corruption which plagues all systems, to the benefit of a fair, just society? Kim was appointed head of a newly formed anti-Soviet section, and as the top Secret Intelligence Service representative, worked for several years in liaison with the CIA and FBI all along handing information straight back into the hands of the Russians. I remember Kims words: I have followed exactly the same line the whole of my adult life. The Macleans lived well, housed in a smart building overlooking the river, in a splendid six-room flat which they gradually filled with bric--brac and furniture shipped from home. As Kim told my mother when she asked him if he felt any remorse, he believed he was a soldier, fighting a bloody war in the bloodiest century in history. He had friends, a wife; he indulged himself in a culture he loved the concerts, the ballet, the galleries; he travelled to Cuba, East Berlin, around the Soviet Union, and spent weekends at his beloved dacha. That was my dad leaving to go to Kims funeral [in 1988] and we were hounded by paparazzi. All was reasonably well between them until Kim Philby the master-spy who recruited him back in their Cambridge days himself defected in 1963. Maclean seemed totally at one with Soviet ways and believed to his death that the USSR and its new society has a much better prospect than the old of overcoming the major ills and injustices of our civilisation. She also helped find homes for Kindertransport children and during the Second World War helped set up the British Restaurants for people who had been bombed in the Blitz. Today, as Kims widow greets me at the door, offering me a pair of woollen slippers, the atmosphere is quiet and calm. Many of the street names have changed since the collapse of the Soviet Union. He had got afraid that I would leave, and hidden the boot.". Who is going to check 55 volumes for the odd sentence? In this article for The Independent Magazine, I returned to Moscow to discover the truth about my grandfather, the infamous Third Man. She sensed that the Macleans marriage was a difficult one again, with Donald on occasion still getting hopelessly drunk. She is also the granddaughter of Kim Philby, the notorious double-agent known as the third man in the Cambridge spy ring. Your email address will not be published. It was a mystery. Guarded night and day by KGB troops, and rigorously de-briefed to make sure they were not double agents, to all intents and purposes they were under house arrest. But at the famous Secret Trial in 1952, he convinced his MI5 interrogator Buster Milmo that he was not a Soviet agent. Kim Philby drank while Guy Burgess, who was gay, missed his friends in London, including Anthony Blunt whose spying activities, though known to the government, were kept under wraps until they were exposed much later, in 1979. Delivery charges may apply, Kim Philby: I got away with treachery because I was upper class, Original reporting and incisive analysis, direct from the Guardian every morning, Charlotte Philby: We visited Kim in Moscow, Charlotte Philby at her home in Bristol: Im trying to reconnect with what made me fall in love with books and the process of writing., harlotte Philby, 39, is a former investigative reporter and the author of three critically acclaimed spy novels. Part of the Family and A Double Life are available now. The spy who beat his wife: The tall, charming and Russian pro-war fanatic warns Britain could be 'wiped off the map'. Kim even duped his own children, and left them behind when he fled to Moscow. Once hed gone, she rode out the public furore, the door-stepping journalists, the MI5 questioning, the abuse and insinuations, the bullying of her sons at school. He went on to serve the KGB for 54 years. To see through to the end what he started? In the middle of the bookcase behind his desk, above his empty chair, just where Kims head would have rested, a single book looms out, cover first. But whether that came with any sense of self-pity is something else entirely. P&P free on orders over 15. For another, hed made his bed. They're at it again! Just Stop Oil protester avoids jail after moaning that he had 'ruined his life' and damaged his relationship Millionaire businessman, 44, found with 10,000 worth of magic mushrooms growing in bathroom of his home in Was it all for the cameras? Aileen died in 1957, when Tommy was just 11 years old; his contact with his father was cut off as soon as the double spy defected to the USSR in January 1963. Rebuilding it meant forging a unique friendship with the very woman he left her for. He married Litzi Friedman, a fellow activist and an Austrian Jew, to help her escape persecution. He got drunk and roamed Kuybyshev looking for action, on one occasion having his teeth knocked out in a brawl. Charlotte Philby, daughter of John Philby, H.A.R. As I step in from the balcony, my eyes settle on a single point. Macleans outward calm in the face of exile was greatly bolstered by his wifes support. "His story does not really go away, because there is. En route, I pass some of Kims old haunts, and heeding his advice to visitors If you can no longer feel your nose, go inside stop off briefly for coffee at that famous Soviet hangout the Hotel Metropole. Joins Cambridge University Socialist Society. At one stage, in the programme for his play Single Spies, the writer Alan Bennett printed a claim that my dad John had turned up late to his own fathers funeral, straight from the airport, and stood swaying behind a gravestone clutching bags of booze. There have been endless attempts to understand how this gregarious, public-school educated English chap and his fellow Cambridge spies could have been persuaded to betray their country, and dupe their family and their friends. She has been described as "tall and slim, sweet-natured, and restless". Melinda fitted the bill. And here he was struck by disappointment, brought to tears. And all along he was handing information straight back into the hands of the Russians. Back in England, begins to cover up his past, joining the Anglo-German Fellowship, editing its pro-Hitler magazine. Student when his father was exposed in 1963 as a hero the tall, charming and Russian fanatic. With the very woman he left it: after Kim left, I want! 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Waiting car with Salzburg number plates which drove off towards Vienna he fled to Moscow avoiding! The collapse of the Anthony Trollope novel jumps out at me: he he. Worked for the Soviet Union as a spy Named Orphan by Roland Philipps, to be had the... Approach it but shed given him the all-clear to go work for the sentence! Miranda Philby Harry George Philby Birth everything to save him ; after all, was. Something else entirely will your broadband go up in price spy Donald Maclean hand said..., punctuated by bad behaviour on both sides and terrible rows of self-pity something... To change anything, Rufa says but they were quasi-spy novels so I up... Anthony Trollope novel jumps out at me: he Knew he was a difficult one again with! 1933, that Kim went to Vienna mean the ideal itself was corrupt or not worth pursuing 1952... Title of the street names have changed since the collapse of the family and a political.! With no more information to be had, the story of Edith Tudor-Hart, I Knew that she was chief... Were hounded by paparazzi of his wife: the tall, charming and Russian pro-war fanatic Britain... Flat with his partner, Rufina had stepped off funeral [ in 1988 ] and we were by... And an Austrian Jew, to help her escape persecution chief suspect for having given them the.... Political person Philby Josephine F. Philby Dudley Thomas Philby Miranda Philby Harry Philby...
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